A need for this educational activity has been determined based on previous course evaluations and the AOFAS educational curriculum. The content of this course was based on current issues and topics provided by AOFAS membership and leadership. For more information on the AOFAS CME mission, visit aofas.org/education.

AOFAS requires all instructors, planners, and other individuals in a position to control or influence the content of an educational activity to disclose all relevant financial relationships or affiliations during the past 12 months with any commercial interest (any entity producing, marketing, re-selling, or distributing healthcare goods and services consumed by, or used on patients). All identified conflicts of interest must be resolved and the education content vetted by AOFAS for fair balance, scientific objectivity, and appropriateness. AOFAS also requires faculty to disclose when off-label/unapproved uses of a product are discussed in a CME activity. AOFAS attests that the persons responsible for the development of this educational activity did so independently and were not influenced by commercial supporters. All financial disclosures will be provided to meeting attendees in the final program materials.

The material presented in this continuing medical education activity has been made available by the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) for educational purposes only. This material is not intended to represent the only, nor necessarily the best, methods or procedures appropriate for the medical situation discussed, but rather is intended to present an approach, view, statement, or opinion of the authors or presenters, which may be helpful or of interest to other practitioners. Methods, techniques, and procedures demonstrated and views and opinions expressed by speakers, presenters, and faculty are their own, and do not necessarily represent those of AOFAS, nor does presentation on the program represent or constitute endorsement or promotion by AOFAS. AOFAS expressly disclaims any warranties or guarantees, expressed or implied, and shall not be liable for damages of any kind in connection with the material, methods, information, techniques, opinions, or procedures expressed, presented, or demonstrated.

FDA Statement
Some drugs or medical devices demonstrated at this meeting have not been cleared by the FDA or have been cleared by the FDA for specific purposes only. The FDA has stated that it is the responsibility of the physician to determine the FDA clearance status of each drug or medical devices he or she wishes to use in clinical practice. AOFAS policy provides that “off label” uses of a drug or medical device may be described in its CME activities so long as the “off label” use of the drug or medical device is also specifically disclosed (i.e., it must be disclosed that the FDA has not cleared the drug or device for the described purpose). Any drug or medical device is being used “off label” if the described use is not set forth on the products approval label.

Faculty/Planner Disclosure Declaration
As an Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) provider, AOFAS has the obligation to ensure the delivery of education that is balanced and free of commercial bias. To achieve this, it is the policy of the AOFAS that all CME-related board members, committee members (“planners”), faculty, and appropriate staff disclose in writing to the learners’ all financial relationships that you have had in the past 24 months with ineligible companies. An “ineligible company” are those whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients.

In addition to faculty members, commentators from the floor are charged with verbally disclosing any interests immediately prior to speaking. All disclosures are provided in this final program distributed at the meeting to all program participants.

In accordance with AOFAS policy:
Faculty participation in this educational activity will be predicated upon timely submission and review of AOFAS disclosure. An individual who refuses to disclose all financial relationships will be disqualified from being a planning committee member, a teacher, or an author of CME, and cannot have control of, or responsibility for, the development, management, presentation, or evaluation of the CME activity. Non-compliance will result in a faculty member being stricken from the program.

An indication of the participant’s disclosure appears after his or her name as well as the ineligible company that provided the support. AOFAS does not view the existence of these disclosed interests or commitments as necessarily implying bias or decreasing the value of the author’s participation in this activity. In addition to ensuring that presentations be free of bias, faculty members are required to ensure that all material presented and discussed will be based on best- available evidence.

All faculty and planner disclosures have been mitigated.

Faculty Disclosures

Jorge Acevedo, MD
Arthrex Inc.: Paid Consultant, Royalties, Speakers' Bureau

Kivanc Atesok, MD, MSc
Nothing to Disclose

Timothy Badwey, MD
Treace Medical Concepts, Inc.: Speakers’ Bureau
TriMed: Royalties

Errol Bailey, MD
Extremity Medical: Paid Consultant
Stryker/Wright Medical: Paid Consultant
TriMed: Paid Consultant

Jason Bariteau, MD
DJO: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Seaspine: Paid Consultant

John Chao, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Bopha Chrea, MD
Novastep: Paid Consultant

Elizabeth Cody, MD
Stryker: Speakers' Bureau

Matthew Conti, MD
CurveBeam: Paid Consultant

Constantine Demetracopoulos, MD
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Exactech Inc.: Paid Consultant, Royalties, Speakers' Bureau
In2Bones: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Medshape: Paid Consultant
RTI Surgical: Paid Consultant
Wolters Kluwer Health – Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Financial or Material Support, Royalties

Jesse Doty, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Sara Galli, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Christopher Gross, MD
Alafair Biosciences: Stock-privately held company
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Arthrex: Fellowship
Bioventus: Paid Consultant
Foot and Ankle International: Editorial/Governing board - Publications
Metric: Paid Consultant
Paragon28: Fellowship, Paid Consultant
Stryker: Grant/Research Support
Wright Medical / Stryker Orthopaedics: Grant/Research Support

Amgad M Haleem Amin, MD, PhD
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member, Editorial/Governing Board - Publications
Stryker: Paid Consultant, Speakers' Bureau
Vilex Medical: Paid Consultant, Speakers' Bureau

Edward Haupt, MD
Exactech Inc.: Paid Consultant

Jeannie Huh, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Todd Irwin, MD
GLW: Unpaid Consultant
Marrow Access Technologies: Paid Consultant
Medline: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Paragon28, Inc.: Paid Consultant, Royalties

A. Holly Johnson, MD
Altior Trauma: Stock-privately held company
Arthrex, Inc: Speakers' Bureau (Terminated)
BICMD: Stock or stock options
Carbon 22: Stock-privately held company
Novastep: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Zimmer-Biomet: Paid Consultant

Rishin Kadakia, MD
Restor3d: Paid Consultant

Philip Kaiser, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Elizabeth Martin, MD, ScM
AAOS: Board member/Committee Member
Johnson & Johnson: Stock or stock options
Novastep: Paid Consultant
Paragon28: Paid Consultant, Stock-privately held company

James McWilliam, MD
Arthrex, Inc: Paid Consultant, Royalties

Christopher Miller, MD
Arthrex, Inc: Grant/Research Support, Paid Consultant, Speakers' Bureau

Steven Neufeld, MD
Artelon: Royalties, Stock-privately held company
Conmed: Paid Consultant
merete: Royalties
Ossio: Paid Consultant
Stryker/Wright Medical: Paid Consultant
Vilex: Royalties

Craig Radnay, MD, MPH
Carbon22: Owner/Co-Owner Founder/Co-Founder, Unpaid Consultant
In2Bones: Royalties, Unpaid Consultant
Kinos: Royalties
Novastep: Paid Consultant
Royal Biologics: Paid Consultant
Stryker/Wright Medical: Paid Consultant, Speakers' Bureau

Fernando Raduan, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Allison Schafer, DO
Nothing to Disclose

Oliver Schipper, MD
Exactech Inc.: Paid Consultant, Royalties
In2Bones: Royalties
Novastep: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Pressio: Stock-privately held company
Red Point Medical: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Restor3d: Royalties
Surgical Fusion Technologies: Paid Consultant, Royalties

Glenn Shi, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Steven Steinlauf, MD
Extremity Medical: Royalties
Smith and Nephew, Inc.: Paid Consultant
Stryker/Wright Medical: Paid Consultant, Royalties

Paul G Talusan, MD
Paragon28, Inc.: Grant/Research Support, Paid Consultant

Eric Tan, MD
Arthrex Inc.: Paid Consultant, Speakers' Bureau
Red Point Medical: Paid Consultant, Stock-privately held company
Stryker: Paid Consultant, Speakers' Bureau

Ettore Vulcano, MD
Novastep: Royalties

Alastair S.E. Younger, MBChB, ChM
Acumed: Grant/Research Support, Paid Consultant, Royalties, Speakers' Bureau
Arthrex Inc.: Grant/Research Support
Biocomposites: Grant/Research Support, Speakers' Bureau
Bioventus: Grant/Research Support, Paid Consultant
Paragon 28: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Stryker/Wright Medical: Grant/Research Support, Paid Consultant, Royalties, Speakers' Bureau
Zimmer-Biomet: Grant/Research Support

Planner (Education Committee) Disclosures

Michael Aronow, MD, FAAOS, FACS
AAOS: Board member/Committee Member
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Connecticut Orthopaedic Society: Board member/Committee Member
CreOsso, LLC: Stock or stock options
Techniques in Foot and Ankle Surgery: Editorial/Governing board – Publications

Jonathon D. Backus, MD
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Marrow Access Technologies: Stock or Stock Options
Medline Unite: Paid Consultant, Royalties – Publisher

Callum Clark, MD
Arthrex Inc.: Speakers' Bureau

M. Truitt Cooper, MD
GLW: Stock-privately held company
In2Bones: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Smith & Nephew: Grant/Research Support
Stryker: Educational Grant

Canon Cornelius, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Cesar de Cesar Netto, MD
AAOS: Board Member/Committee Member
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Artelon: Paid Consultant, Royalties
CurveBeam: Paid Consultant, Stock or stock options
Foot & Ankle International: Editorial/Governing board – Publications
Foot and Ankle Clinics: Editorial/Governing board – Publications
International WBCT Society: Board member/Committee Member
Medartis: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Paragon 28: Grant/Research Support, Paid Consultant, Royalties
Stryker: Paid Consultant
Tayco Brace: Stock-privately held company
Zimmer-Biomet: Paid Consultant, Royalties

Daniel C Farber, MD
JMEA: Stock-privately held company
Treace Medical Concepts, Inc.: Paid Consultant

Alena Frey
Staff
Nothing to Disclose

Lauren Geaney, MD
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
CT Orthopedic Society: Board Member/Committee Member
Foot & Ankle International: Editorial/Governing Board – Publications
Novastep: Paid Consultant
Paragon 28: Paid Consultant, Royalties
Smith & Nephew: Paid Consultant
Vilex: Paid Consultant

Julie Glosson
Staff
Nothing to Disclose

Amgad M. Haleem Amin, MD
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member, Editorial/Governing Board – Publications
Stryker: Paid Consultant, Speakers’ Bureau
Vilex Medical: Paid Consultant, Speakers’ Bureau

Tracy Harig, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Jeannie Huh, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Kenneth Hunt, MD
JISAKOS: Editorial/Governing board – Publications
Panther Orthopaedics: Stock-privately held company
Paragon 28: Editorial/Governing board – Publications, Paid Consultant

Kelly K. Hynes, MD, FRCSC
Acumed: Paid Consultant
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Canadian Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society: Board Member/Committee Member
Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc: Paid Consultant
Ortho Xcel: Paid Consultant (Terminated)

Brandon King, MD
Heron Therapeutics: Paid Consultant (Terminated)

Ashlee MacDonald, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Elizabeth Martin, MD, ScM
AAOS: Board Member/Committee Member
AOFAS: Board Member/Committee Member
Johnson & Johnson: Stock or stock options
Novastep: Paid Consultant
Paragon28: Paid consultant, Stock or stock options

Max Michalski, MD, MsC
Arthrex Inc.: Grant/Research Support
Extremity Medical: Paid Consultant, Royalties, Speakers' Bureau

Mohamed Mokhtar Abd-Ella, MdD
Nothing to Disclose

Irvin Oh, MD
Innomed: Royalties

Joseph O’Neil, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Christian A. Ortiz, MD
Acumed: Paid Consultant
AO: Board member/Committee Member

Charles Saltzman, MD
Lima Corporate: Unpaid Consultant
Nextremity Solutions: Paid Consultant
Paragon28, Inc.: Paid Consultant
Saunders/Mosby-Elsevier: Royalties – Publisher
Vilex, LLC: Paid Consultant
Zimmer Biomet: Royalties – Publisher

Glenn Shi, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Monica Volesky, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Richard Zell, MD
Nothing to Disclose

Jacob Rothschild Zide, MD
Orthofix, Inc.: Paid Consultant